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To gain some insight on the role of satirical news sites today, we reached out to James E. Caron, a Professor Emeritus of English at the University of Hawai’i at Mānoa. In his recent book Satire as the Comic Public Sphere: Postmodern "Truthiness" as Civic Engagement, he examines well-known comedians such as Stephen Colbert, John Oliver, and Jimmy Kimmel, and discusses how satirical commentary on current events and politics affects the audiences.
"Good satire both entertains and informs," Caron told Bored Panda. "Mock news sites sometimes are doing satire, but not always. Mostly they entertain." At its core, satire raises people's awareness and provides multilayered commentary on political communication and mass media by using humor and irony. With the power of clever ridicule, it challenges readers’ views and helps confront unpleasant truths.
"For an informed citizen interested in civic issues of the day, they take their place in the range of discourse available that makes some sort of attempt to shape our reality," the professor added.
Being part of the entertainment industry, political satire reaches more people than ever before. Since it adds a sense of wit to the mix, it makes the audience incredibly receptive to it. It makes the bitter truth a tad sweeter to swallow, but it usually conveys the message nonetheless.
However, is it a good teacher of how to address important political and social issues? "Some satire will include in its comic presentation an actual solution to a highlighted problem, but mostly not," Caron explained. "But providing solutions is not the job of satire. That is what political leaders are supposed to do."
"What good satire can do, however, is bring attention to important issues in ways that make the readers/viewers laugh and then think. That is what I call in my book 'the theory of amusement.' Laugh and then muse (think) about what you are laughing about. Satire is not so much a teacher as it is a traffic sign, pointing a thoughtful person toward a place of reflection."
A 2017 study conducted by The Ohio State University has shown that satirical news programs have real political effects on people who consume them, just like watching serious, fact-based news. After inviting 146 college students to watch regular news and satirical news sources, the research aimed to measure the impact programs such as The Daily Show have on the study participants.
The results revealed that people with little interest in politics were more likely to select satirical over serious news. In addition, satire even has the power to reinforce our pre-existing attitudes and even influence political efficacy — the way people believe they can influence political processes.
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"Satirical news matters," Silvia Knobloch-Westerwick, author of the study, said. "It is not just entertaining — it has a real-life impact on viewers." The findings of the study indicate that satirical news can draw in and engage viewers who otherwise would about political content. "This suggests that satirical news could be a gateway into more serious news use for people who aren’t currently engaged in politics." So while these entertaining new sources may seem funny, they bring serious and much-needed effects.
However, things take a different turn when news stories that should be taken as a joke are mistaken for real news. While satire may seem obvious and easy to spot for many readers, the serious, matter-of-fact manner that certain sites use to "report" fake events sometimes lead to misunderstandings.
According to professor Caron, people fail to note the irony or sarcasm built into satire because they are not paying attention to the underlying circumstance or event, or even historical fact that it plays with. "To get any joke, you have to have a specific piece of information that is being joked about," he said. "Without that knowledge, the joke is missed."
A brief scroll through this list will prove that not all audiences can spot the difference between satire and actual events. What’s worse, they perceive satire as hard cold facts, especially across social networks. These individuals may lack critical thinking skills or have poor media literacy — qualities that all informed and savvy media consumers should aspire to have. "Also, people believe what they already believe before they even read the satire/hear the joke," Caron added.
For our previous feature of 'Ate The Onion', my colleague Rokas got in touch with one of the moderators of this incredibly popular subreddit, who noted that satirical news is now as important as any other form of comedy. "News outlets have always favored tragic events over uplifting ones so, in a way, I think satirical news helps people see the bright side. Or at the very least it makes them consider that there might be a bright side and not everything is as terrible as it is presented on the news."
The moderator TheCats_Bananas listed two main reasons why people fall for satirical satire, in their opinion. "The first one [is] that people are used to seeing news on their feeds so when they see a satirical headline, they don't even consider that it might be satirical unless it's extremely farfetched, so they just comment on it without much of a second thought."
"The second reason is that in recent times, actual news headlines have gotten so unexpected and ridiculous that people have just accepted the fact that most of it is real so there's little reason to doubt anything anymore," they said.
