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Policies and punishment can have a direct effect on people’s urge to break them, researchers found. Rice Business professor Marlon Mooijman and colleagues Wilco W. van Dijk and Eric van Dijk of Leiden University along with Naomi Ellemers of Utrecht University studied 883 people to understand the links between deterrence, threats and rule following.
So they conducted a series of games in which participants reported or hid taxable income depending on whether they were threatened with fines, fined with an explanation, or fined with no explanation.
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As you may have suspected, with adults as with children, the researchers found, threats and punishments often backfire. This can be explained by the fact that they signal distrust by the authorities of the very people they're supposed to control. Therefore, the immediate response to such distrust is an urge to rebel.
The researchers concluded that the more perceived distrust people feel, the less likely they are to follow the rules. Moreover, the researchers discovered, justifications and threats of punishment leave a bad taste, overall. Instead, they suggested that people respond way better to rules that have zero justification.
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