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General practitioner, medical researcher, and founder of PrimeHealth Clinical Research, Iris Gorfinkel, M.D., told Bored Panda that it's a good idea to start talking about a coma by taking a look at a paper by Dr. Eelco and Dr. Coen, which explains how contemporary motion pictures shaped our understanding about this condition.
"True, it's old; it was done in 2006. But it's still relevant and informs us of the way people think," Gorfinkel said. Dr. Eelco and Dr. Coen looked at 30 different movies depicting a coma and found that the most common reason (18 out of 30 cases) for why people fell into it were motor vehicle accidents.
"What happens to these individuals who are comatose, they get up and suddenly, they're bright-eyed and bushy-tailed, they literally open their eyes, they look great, they sound bright, and their makeup is even done," Gorfinkel recalled these pictures.
Next, the doctors pulled 72 viewers and asked them whether these movies seem realistic. The majority said no but 39% said they could potentially allow these scenes to influence decisions in real life, meaning that misrepresentation of a coma and awakening from it was common in motion pictures and has probably shaped an ill public perception of the condition.
#2

There are different levels of a coma, ranging from very deep where the patient shows no response or awareness at all, to shallower levels where they respond to stimulation by movement or opening eyes. Still shallower levels can occur, where the patient is able to somehow reply to speech. The exact level of a coma is usually determined by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).
Now let's go back to the definition that we briefly introduced in the beginning of this text. What is a coma? "It's a state of prolonged unconsciousness [that] can last from days to years," Gorfinkel said. "Basically, for whatever reason, the brain is not getting the oxygen that it needs and that can happen because of trauma that can [be caused by] cardiac arrest. That actually accounts for a full quarter of why a coma happens. Stroke is another 20%. But it can also happen because of things like brain tumors and infections, whether viral, bacterial, or fungal. It can happen because of drugs ... [or] other toxins like alcohol, and also because of blood sugar (it's either too high or too low), because of heat ... What happens to these individuals is they simply stop responding to the things we normally do. They don't respond to light, they don't respond to sound, they don't respond to pain."
Gorfinkel pointed out that even though these people have their eyes closed, what they're experiencing is not sleep. "When we look at their brainwaves, the pattern is totally different."
#3

But those who are looking after coma patients undergo a lot as well. The pressure that they experience is horrendous. "They feel a full burden of care," Dr. Gorfinkel said. "Sometimes they even go into clinical depression. And the truth of the matter is, what they go through is very unlike what movies show because when most people emerge out of a coma, they are suffering very significant deficits. These include physical deficits (because if a person has not been moving for days, weeks, months, or years, they're going to have muscular atrophy from disuse) and intellectual disabilities. Their thinking may not be the way it used to."
Even if we disregard serious psychological difficulties, Gorfinkel said this goes with anybody who has been threatened with their life. "We see that 50% of people who have heart attacks experience clinical depressions. People who emerge from a coma struggle tremendously with very deep questions about life and its meaning." It's a very serious condition that can affect not just the person who plunges into it but also everyone around them.
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