But memes can also have a darker side, spreading misinformation and conspiracy theories that can impact the real world, as we saw during the Covid-19 pandemic. Rather than presenting complex ideas, memes often reduce conspiracies into small, bite-sized pieces of information that are easy to share and can shape the views of impressionable audiences.
“If you’re a vulnerable person, and you find someone or a group of people who share your views, you immediately feel a sense of belonging, and that kind of adds strength to your beliefs,” explains forensic psychiatrist Reena Panchal.
Ultimately, whether memes have a positive or negative impact depends on how we use them. “Memes are neutral communication tools,” says Galip. “Their meaning is shaped by what you intend to express through them.” What’s clear is that these small images carry more significance than we might think, even when they’re just simple, funny jokes. So, enjoy them, but stay aware of what you’re engaging with online.
